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(d. 1119)

Hanbali jurist with rationalist leanings. In traditionalist eleventh-century Baghdad, his admiration for the mystic al-Hallaj (d. 922) led to his persecution and forced him to recant. Among...

The American tradition of academic freedom drew inspiration from the German concept of Lehrfreiheit, the statutory rights of professors in state universities to teach and do research freely....

(Heb. qinyan). The methods of acquiring property lie at the heart of both proprietary and contractual rights in Jewish civil law. A formal qinyan is necessary to effect the transfer ...

The moral distinction between acts and omissions amounts to the claim that there is a morally significant difference between a particular action and a corresponding failure to act, even though ...

The law of admiralty encompasses claims which were originally within the jurisdiction of the Admiralty Court of England and Wales and which are now governed by the Admiralty Act 1988 ...

A court forming part of the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court whose jurisdiction embraces civil actions relating to ships and the sea. Puisne judges hear cases with the assistance of nautical...

In moral theology, relationship created by marriage. It is held to form an impediment to subsequent marriage between one party and certain blood relations of the other. In the C of E the sphere of...

A charter adopted by the Organization of African Unity (now the African Union) in 1981 and ratified by 35 of its members. The Charter reaffirms the duty of African states to eliminate colonialism,...

1 The right to graze livestock on the commons in the summer.

2 The rate levied or profit made on the grazing of pastures.

Alberico Gentili (1552–1608), born in San Ginesio (near Macerata, Italy), graduated as doctor of law in 1572 at the University of Perugia. His father Matteo, a physician, was forced as ...