Aggression
in International Law
Published online March 2012.
Article. Subjects: international law; international courts and procedures; private international law and conflict of laws; public international law. 6452 words.
The crime of aggression, or crime against peace, was first introduced in the constituent instrument establishing the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal (IMT) (the London Charter,...
Bilateral and Regional Trade Agreements
in International Law
Published online March 2012.
Article. Subjects: international law; international courts and procedures; private international law and conflict of laws; public international law. 13872 words.
Bilateral trade agreements (BTAs) and regional trade agreements (RTAs) are an important social phenomenon in the world today. Literally, a bilateral trade agreement is one made between...
Consular Relations
in International Law
Published online March 2012.
Article. Subjects: international law; international courts and procedures; private international law and conflict of laws; public international law. 13077 words.
Rights and duties of states as they send and receive consular representatives is the subject matter of the field of consular relations. The law relating to consular relations governs the...
Crimes against Humanity
in International Law
Published online March 2012.
Article. Subjects: international law; international courts and procedures; private international law and conflict of laws; public international law. 15694 words.
Crimes against humanity have both a colloquial and a legal existence. In daily parlance, the term is employed to condemn any number of atrocities that violate international human rights....
Critical International Legal Theory
in International Law
Published online March 2012.
Article. Subjects: international law; international courts and procedures; private international law and conflict of laws; public international law. 12761 words.
Although most writings on public international law (PIL) possess an esprit critique, what distinguishes critical international legal theory (CILT) is a sense that the failings in the...
Diplomatic Protection
in International Law
Published online March 2012.
Article. Subjects: international law; international courts and procedures; private international law and conflict of laws; public international law. 10677 words.
Diplomatic protection is one of the traditional concepts of classical international law that has developed over the centuries. It denotes the process by which a state asserts a claim...
Environmental Compliance Mechanisms
in International Law
Published online March 2012.
Article. Subjects: international law; international courts and procedures; private international law and conflict of laws; public international law. 12931 words.
Compliance mechanisms can be found in treaties regulating such diverse issues as human rights, disarmament law, and environmental law. In this bibliography, the focus will be on...
Estoppel
in International Law
Published online March 2012.
Article. Subjects: international law; international courts and procedures; private international law and conflict of laws; public international law. 12240 words.
As it is most commonly described, estoppel is a rule of international law that bars a party from going back on its previous representations when those representations have induced...
Feminist Approaches to International Law
in International Law
Published online March 2012.
Article. Subjects: international law; international courts and procedures; private international law and conflict of laws; public international law. 16537 words.
Feminist perspectives have informed the development of international law at least since the early 20th century, when women’s international peace organizations supported the development...
General Customary Law
in International Law
Published online March 2012.
Article. Subjects: international law; international courts and procedures; private international law and conflict of laws; public international law. 14732 words.
International society is divided into sovereign states and does not have an international legislature, executive, or judiciary. For this reason there is a virtual consensus of academic...