Journal Article

The Decline of Pneumococcal Resistance after Cessation of Mass Antibiotic Distributions for Trachoma

Sara Haug, Takele Lakew, Gabremaskal Habtemariam, Wondu Alemayehu, Vicky Cevallos, Zhaoxia Zhou, Jenafir House, Kathryn Ray, Travis Porco, Tina Rutar, Jeremy Keenan, Thomas M. Lietman and Bruce D. Gaynor

in Clinical Infectious Diseases

Published on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America

Volume 51, issue 5, pages 571-574
Published in print September 2010 | ISSN: 1058-4838
Published online September 2010 | e-ISSN: 1537-6591 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/655697
The Decline of Pneumococcal Resistance after Cessation of Mass Antibiotic Distributions for Trachoma

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After 6 biannual mass distributions of oral azithromycin for trachoma in Ethiopian communities, 76.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 66.3%–85.1%) of nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from children aged 1–5 years were resistant to macrolides. Twelve and 24 months after the last azithromycin treatment, resistance decreased to 30.6% (95% CI, 18.8%–40.4%; P < .001) and 20.8% (95% CI, 12.7%–30.7%; P < .001), respectively. Macrolide resistance decreases after antibiotic pressure is removed.

Journal Article.  2244 words.  Illustrated.

Subjects: Infectious Diseases ; Immunology ; Public Health and Epidemiology ; Microbiology

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