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The developing world is disproportionately affected by the HIV pandemic. In many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, HIV infection is established in the general population: in southern Africa, which is particularly severely affected, HIV prevalence among pregnant women reached around 40% by 2003 in some areas. Local epidemiology depends on the relative contribution of the three major routes of HIV transmission: sexual contact (heterosexual and homosexual); mother to child; and exposure to blood or blood products. The main route of transmission is sex between men and women....
Chapter. 5368 words.
Subjects: Medical Microbiology and Virology ; Infectious Diseases
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