This chapter focuses on the progress of mathematics in the nineteenth century. British mathematicians of this period showed interest in the formal aspects of mathematics, particularly in symbolic logic. Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead were among the most highly influential figures in Victorian mathematical circles due to their wide-ranging thought and institutional positions. Principia Mathematica (1910–1913), in which Russell and Whitehead equated logic and mathematics at the deepest level possible, was a culmination of the innovative mathematical research of the Victorian age.

This chapter focuses on the progress of mathematics in the nineteenth century. British mathematicians of this period showed interest in the formal aspects of mathematics, particularly in symbolic logic. Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead were among the most highly influential figures in Victorian mathematical circles due to their wide-ranging thought and institutional positions. Principia Mathematica (1910–1913), in which Russell and Whitehead equated logic and mathematics at the deepest level possible, was a culmination of the innovative mathematical research of the Victorian age.