Anatomical Validation of DTI and Tractography
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 6121 words.
Attempts to validate diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography meet two obstacles. Firstly, the factors causing problems are specific to each tract and specific to each species, so...
Go to » abstract
Anisotropic Diffusion: From the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient to the Apparent Diffusion Tensor
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 12548 words.
This chapter provides some conceptual underpinnings of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). In particular, it explains isotropic and anisotropic diffusion and presents the definition of the...
Go to » abstract
Are we ever aware of concepts? A critical question for the Global Neuronal Workspace, Integrated Information, and Attended Intermediate-Level Representation theories of consciousness
in Neuroscience of Consciousness
P ublished online October 2015 .
Journal Article. Subjects: Neuroscience; Cognition and Behavioural Neuroscience; Neuroscientific Techniques; Cognitive Neuroscience; Consciousness. 9698 words.
To locate consciousness in the flow of synaptic activity in the brain, we must first locate it in the flow of information processing in the mind. Two different positions have been debated...
Go to » full text: open access
Artifacts in Diffusion MRI
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 11829 words.
In addition to thermal noise, several artifacts can adversely affect the accuracy and precision of diffusion MRI measures. This chapter identifies the most relevant sources of artifacts in...
Go to » abstract
Autonomic correlates of seeing one’s own face in patients with disorders of consciousness
in Neuroscience of Consciousness
P ublished online July 2015 .
Journal Article. Subjects: Neuroscience; Cognition and Behavioural Neuroscience; Neuroscientific Techniques; Cognitive Neuroscience; Consciousness. 5274 words.
The ability to recognize one’s own face is a hallmark of self-awareness. In healthy subjects, the sympathetic skin response evoked by self-face recognition has a greater area under the...
Go to » full text: open access
Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence for fast emergence of visual consciousness
in Neuroscience of Consciousness
P ublished online July 2015 .
Journal Article. Subjects: Neuroscience; Cognition and Behavioural Neuroscience; Neuroscientific Techniques; Cognitive Neuroscience; Consciousness. 8112 words.
A fundamental unsettled dispute concerns how fast the brain generates subjective visual experiences. Both early visual cortical activation and later activity in fronto-parietal global...
Go to » full text: open access
The Biophysics of Crossing Fibers
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 14213 words.
Crossing fibers are increasingly acknowledged to be a significant problem, affecting both tractography and tensor-derived measures of anisotropy. Moreover, typical human scans have been...
Go to » abstract
Biophysics of Diffusion in Cells
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 12336 words.
Measurements of intracellular water diffusion in living tissue and quantitative interpretation of diffusion data are challenged by a number of things: the effects of a generally chaotic...
Go to » abstract
Can working memory be non-conscious?
in Neuroscience of Consciousness
P ublished online February 2016 .
Journal Article. Subjects: Neuroscience; Cognition and Behavioural Neuroscience; Neuroscientific Techniques; Cognitive Neuroscience; Consciousness. 1576 words.
Working memory (WM) is closely linked to conscious awareness: In most conceptions of WM, the inputs to WM need to be conscious. The findings of some recent studies, however, have been taken...
Go to » full text: open access
Connectivity-Based Parcellation of Gray Matter
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 10348 words.
This chapter reviews recent techniques that use diffusion imaging to parcellate grey matter into regions of differing patterns of connections. The function of a grey matter region is...
Go to » abstract
Contextual cueing of visual search is associated with greater subjective experience of the search display configuration
in Neuroscience of Consciousness
P ublished online March 2018 .
Journal Article. Subjects: Neuroscience; Cognition and Behavioural Neuroscience; Neuroscientific Techniques; Cognitive Neuroscience; Consciousness. 6881 words.
Abstract
Visual search is facilitated when display configurations are repeated over time, showing that memory of spatio-configural context can cue the location...
Controlling for performance capacity confounds in neuroimaging studies of conscious awareness
in Neuroscience of Consciousness
P ublished online November 2015 .
Journal Article. Subjects: Neuroscience; Cognition and Behavioural Neuroscience; Neuroscientific Techniques; Cognitive Neuroscience; Consciousness. 7927 words.
Studying the neural correlates of conscious awareness depends on a reliable comparison between activations associated with awareness and unawareness. One particularly difficult confound to...
Go to » full text: open access
The Cumulant Expansion: An Overarching Mathematical Framework For Understanding Diffusion NMR
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 14046 words.
This chapter discusses a general property of diffusion-weighted signals from inhomogeneous media such as porous samples or biological tissues. In simple terms, this property is similar to...
Go to » abstract
Deep Neural Networks in Computational Neuroscience
in Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Neuroscience
P ublished online January 2019 .
Article. Subjects: Cognition and Behavioural Neuroscience; Neuroscientific Techniques; Sensory and Motor Systems. 10861 words.
The goal of computational neuroscience is to find mechanistic explanations of how the nervous system processes information to give rise to cognitive function and behavior. At the heart of...
Go to » abstract
Deterministic White Matter Tractography
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 7796 words.
The directional anisotropic information of the diffusion tensor provides a unique opportunity for estimating and modeling the trajectories of white matter tracts in the human brain...
Go to » abstract
Diffusion, Diffraction, and Microimaging
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 2750 words.
This chapter presents a personal account and recounts science beginnings in a New Zealand childhood, an Oxford encounter with nuclear magnetism, and the return to New Zealand to start work...
Go to » abstract
Diffusion Imaging in Brain Tumors
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 15652 words.
A wide variety of tumors and other space-occupying masses are encountered in clinical imaging, including cysts, abscesses, hematomas, and neoplasms of myriad cell types and grades. The...
Go to » abstract
Diffusion Imaging in Gray Matter
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 9077 words.
This chapter presents the current status of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the cerebral cortex with emphasis on high resolution DTI of the chemically fixed, excised cortex. The layered...
Go to » abstract
Diffusion Imaging in Muscle
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 14890 words.
Non-invasive imaging techniques to evaluate muscle structure, function, and metabolism are of tremendous importance for diagnosis and characterization of various muscle pathologies....
Go to » abstract
Diffusion Imaging of the Optic Nerve, Spinal Cord, and Peripheral Nerve
in Diffusion MRI
November 2010; p ublished online September 2012 .
Chapter. Subjects: Neuroscientific Techniques. 10375 words.
The optic nerve, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves are often affected by pathological processes, and, therefore, imaging these structures in-vivo is important in order to have information...
Go to » abstract
